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A. C'. RAN-D.

Coal Stove.

'Patented June 30, 1868.

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Letters Patent No. 79,390, dated June 30, 1868,

IMPROVEMENT I-N GOAL-STOVBS. v

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TQ ALL WHOM IT MAY CON CERN:

Be it known that I, AnoNzo C RAND, of the city`, county, and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stoves,Grates, and Furnaces, for heating purposes; and I hereby declare thatthe following is a full, 'clear, and exact description thereof.

The object of my invention is to economize fuel, by producing moreperfect combustion, and the invention will he found especiallyadvantageous in its adaptation to all furnaces wherein bituminoussubstances are used. Its principal features are the checking orretarding of combustion, and maintaining only suicient heat in theire-hox to produce decomposition ofthe fuelLthereby liberating thegases, and then, beforethe combustion of the gases takes place, unitingwith them a s'uiiicient amount of air to'make the combustion perfect.

, All who are familiar with the ordinary methods of burning bituminouscoals are aware of the fact that a large quantity of unconsumed carbonpasses out of the chimney or smoke-stack in black inkes or lamp-blak`;by the use of my invention this difliculty is entirely overcome.v

In the accompanying drawings which form part of this specification-'-Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a stove provided with myimprovements.

i Figure 2, a vertical central section of the same. Figure 3, a similarsection of-a stove, in whiclra modification of the construction of myimprovement .is employed, for the lpurpose of making same moreself-acting.

Figure 4, a front view of a grate, showing my improvement inY the formas adapted for grates. Figure 5 is a verticalvsection of the saine. v

Figure 6 is a modification ofthe conel used in my improvements. i

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the severalfigures.

To enable others skilled-in the art to fully comprehend and construct myimprovcments, I will proceed to 'describe the construction and-operationof the same.

In the drawings, in figs. 1 and 2, my improvements are shown in-a stove.It will be seen' that the stove may be of ordinary construction, withthe exception of the employment of a'cone or perforatedcap, A, to coverthe {ire-box. This conc is 'provided with ,two rods, B B, to'which' itis attached, and which project through the cap of the stove, and areprovided with notches along their edges, in whichsmall pawls, b takehold, so that the, cone A is suspended. The rodsB B` may be raised orlowered at liberty.

The registering-ring C, between the cone A; and the top of the fuel inthe ire-box, and the casing of the stove, is made with a sufficient andcorresponding number of airpassages,-D D D D, through it and the casingof the stove, so that allthe required amount of air necessary for thecomplete combustion 'of the inflammable. gases escaping from the top ofthe fuel is supplied through said passages D D.

In crder to provide a more perfect regulation of the supply of' airfurnished through the ash-pitand firegrate, I employ aregistering-slide, E, on each side of the easing of the ash-pit, andprefer to have no airpassage formed in the frontl part ofthe drawer. A

When the stove is to be put in operation, the cone A is raised, to admitof throwing the coal in the stove, and the cone, after the fire islighted, is` then lowered towards the coals,so that inflammable gasesare, to some extent, retained under the cap A, and are supplied andmixed through the register@ with air. The mixed gases and air arefinally drawn through the perforations :v :u ofthe corre A, and arebrought to a mo'st complete com. buston by being ignited vabove thecone. The object in 'having the conc or deilector adjustable, or elsethev fire-box adjustable, is that a-certain relative ,distance betweenthe fuel and deiieetor should be maintained'in order'to insure perfectcombustion above the detlector or cone. I

Instead of using a vc'oue,-A, with a number of .perfor-ations, n: az,Ait is preferable in certain cases to have one or more slots through thesame,'-as vshown in iig. 6. Instead ofr attaching the cone to the rods BB, the same may be hinged, as shown at ain iig. so as'to admit of itsbeing raised for charging the fire-box, which may be madeself-regulating towards the cone, on thc principle of a. spring-scale,by making the fire-box so as vto slide freely in the stove up or down,and resting upon the end of a balance-lever, c, Vwhich has its fulcrum dfixed on the side of the ash-pit, and the other end of which projects tothe outside of the ash-pit, where it is detained and counterbalancedwith a spring, g, against the weight of the fuel and fire-box restingupon the otherend of the same, so that the re-box and topsnrfaee ot' thefuel keep always the sameirelative distance from the cone A over it.

When my improvements are'used in grates, I change the construction tothe'form shown in figs. 4 and 5, in which-I provide a rectangular box,L, wherein the fuel is placed. The bottom of this box is provided withgrate-bars and a registering-slide, z', to regulate the supply of airthrough the grate-bars. To the top part of this box h, I hinge the conek, of which the form corresponds with the box h, and has, instead ofperforations, a. longitudinal slot in its top end; it has also aregistering-slide, m, on its 4front part, whereby the extra. supply ofair is furnished and mixed with the gases from the fuel. The grateconstructed thus with my improvements3 will furnish not only heat, butalso light.

The importance of these improvements used in furnaces for soft coals maybe clearly seen from the feregoing, and the object attained has beensought for many years.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim therein, and desireto'secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In stoves, grates, or furnaces, the cone A, when used alone, or'incombination with the air-passages D D, or an equivalent device-or meansof retaining, supplying, or mixing air with the inflammable gases beforefinal combustion ofthe fuel takes place in such stoves, grates, orfurnaces, substantially as herein described and for the purposes hereinset forth.

2. In combination with the cone A 'and passages D D, the slide or slidesB and E, for` regulating the admission of air, the decomposition of thefuel, and consequent production of gas according to the amount of heatrequired, substantially as herein described.

A. C. RAND.

Witnesses R. BOEKLEN, CARLOS PIERCE.

